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Know What Is In Your Vaccine Before You Take The Jab: Covaxin VS. Covishield VS. Sputnik V

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The vaccination drive for those 18 years began at the beginning of this year.
This happened after the Centre on April 19 had announced a ‘liberalised’ policy in order to ramp up the coronavirus vaccination drive in the country.

India had started the Covid-19 vaccination drive earlier this year on January 16 with two vaccines-Covishield & Covaxin. The first consignment of 150,000 doses of the Sputnik V vaccine has landed in Hyderabad from Russia and more will be coming in the next few weeks.

But as India gets vaccinated, what exactly are in these vaccines? Here is the lowdown.

Covaxin

India’s indigenous COVID-19 vaccine by Bharat Biotech is developed in collaboration with the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) – National Institute of Virology. The vaccine contains a dead virus, incapable of infecting people but still able to instruct the immune system to mount a defensive reaction against an infection.
Covaxin is included along with immune-potentiators, also known as vaccine adjuvants, which are added to the vaccine to increase and boost its immunogenicity.
Covaxin is a 2-dose vaccination regimen given 28 days apart.
There is no need for sub-zero storage, no reconstitution requirement, and ready to use liquid presentation in multi-dose vials, stable at 2-8oC.

Covishield

Covishield has been approved for restricted use in emergency situations.

The Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine is being manufactured locally in India by the Serum Institute of India. The institute is producing 60 million to 70 million doses a month.

The vaccine is made from a weakened version of a common cold virus, also known as an adenovirus from chimpanzees.

When the vaccine is injected into a patient, it prompts the immune system to start making antibodies and primes it to attack any coronavirus infection.

The jab is administered in two doses given between four and 12 weeks apart.

The vaccine can be safely stored at temperatures of 2C to 8C and can easily be delivered in existing health care settings such as doctors’ surgeries.

Sputnik V

The COVID-19 vaccine Sputnik V is an adenoviral-based, two-part vaccine against COVID-19.

Sputnik V uses a weakened virus to deliver small parts of a pathogen and stimulate an immune response.

The Sputnik V vaccine was created at the N.F. Gamaleya Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Ministry of Health of Russia.

Safely exposing the body to a part of the virus’s genetic code in this way allows it to recognise the threat and learn to fight it off, without the risk of becoming ill.

It can be stored at temperatures of between 2 and 8C degrees (a standard fridge is roughly 3-5C degrees) making it easier to transport and store.

How Is Sputnik V Different From Other Vaccines?

The Sputnik jab uses two slightly different versions of the vaccine for the first and the second dose – given 21 days apart. This is a very different process from most other vaccines.

Both the versions,  target the coronavirus’s distinctive “spike”, but use different vectors – the neutralised virus that carries the spike to the body.
Despite their differences, all 3 vaccines are safe and have performed well in clinical trials. So now when you get your jab, you will be aware of what is exactly in your vaccine.

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