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China to be the first country to explore the ‘dark side of the moon’

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China has unveiled a new lunar rover as it prepares to become the first nation in the world to explore the dark side, or the far side, of the moon later this year. The new mission, called Chang’e-4, aims to set a lunar rover and lander on the far side of the moon.

China’s space agency this week shared new details about its upcoming Chang’e-4 mission, which aims to launch two robots to the far side of the moon. The robots will study the geology and chemistry of the moon’s most ancient and mysterious rocks. It will also try to grow plants and worms on the moon.

The unmanned vehicle is 5 feet long and about 3.3 feet wide and tall, with two foldable solar panels and six wheels. China announced its intentions in 2015 to send a rover to the dark side of the moon. In May this year, it launched a relay satellite to establish a communication link between Earth and the planned lunar probe.
The country’s last lunar rover – named Yutu, or Jade Rabbit – ceased operation in August 2016 after 972 days of service on the surface of the moon as part of the Chang’e 3 mission. China was only the third nation to successfully carry out a lunar landing, after the United States and Russia.
The new mission, named after the mythical moon goddess Chang’e, is the fourth in an ongoing lunar exploration program.
Chinese officials said during a briefing on Wednesday that Chang’e-4 will rocket toward the moon in December.
The new mission “will be the first to realize a soft landing on and inspection of” the far side of the moon, an official said on Wednesday at China’s National Defense Science and Technology Bureau in Beijing.

Light and radio transmissions from Earth to the moon’s far side are blocked. When Apollo astronauts orbited the moon, they temporarily (and expectedly) lost contact with mission control in Houston each time they passed behind the 2,159-mile-wide ball of rock.

But China is already poised to get around this problem – literally – since it successfully launched a precursor mission called Queqiao in May. Queqiao is a telecommunications satellite now parked in a gravity-neutral spot in space, called a Lagrange point, that overlooks the far side of the moon.

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